{"id":2729,"date":"2025-02-13T15:34:45","date_gmt":"2025-02-13T07:34:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gnn.club\/?p=2729"},"modified":"2025-03-12T15:06:22","modified_gmt":"2025-03-12T07:06:22","slug":"attention%e8%bf%9b%e9%98%b6%e5%8f%b2%ef%bc%88mha-mqa-gqa-mla%ef%bc%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/?p=2729","title":{"rendered":"Attention\u8fdb\u9636\u53f2\uff08MHA, MQA, GQA, MLA\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08Attention Mechanism\uff09\u81ea\u8bde\u751f\u4ee5\u6765\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u63a8\u52a8\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u52a8\u529b\u3002\u4ece\u6700\u521d\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08MHA\uff09\u5230\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u9ad8\u6548\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u5982\u591a\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08MQA\uff09<\/strong>\u3001\u5206\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08GQA\uff09\u548c\u591a\u5c42\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08MLA\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e0d\u65ad\u6f14\u8fdb\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u89e3\u51b3\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5e73\u8861\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0cKV Cache<\/strong>\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u7684\u5f15\u5165\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u4f18\u5316\u4e86\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u7f72\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u5e26\u60a8\u56de\u987e\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8fdb\u9636\u53f2\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u4f18\u52bf\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\u7684\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Transformer<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Transformer\u662f\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u4e3b\u8981\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u5757\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
    \n
  • \u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff08encoder\uff09\uff1a\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u7f16\u7801\u6210\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u662f\u6587\u672c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u56fe\u50cf\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u628a\u5b83\u4eec\u5411\u91cf\u5316\uff08Embedding\uff09\u6210\u5411\u91cf\u624d\u80fd\u9001\u5165\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff08decoder\uff09\uff1a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u662f\u670d\u52a1\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662f\u5224\u522b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6700\u521d\u7684Transformer\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u67b6\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      Transformer\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8be5\u6a21\u578b\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u662f\u8fdb\u884c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6216QA\u95ee\u9898\u7684\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a5\u53d7\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u4e0e\u610f\u56fe\u7ed9\u5230\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u5bf9\u5e94\u751f\u6210\u76f8\u5173\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8fd8\u662f\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u6216\u8054\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \uff081\uff09\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u53e5\u5b50\u60c5\u611f\u53d6\u5411\u5206\u7c7b\u548c\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \uff082\uff09\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u7b49\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \uff083\uff09\u4f7f\u7528\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6216\u6458\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      1.1 MHA: \u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08Multi-heads Self-Attention\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      Transformer\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u6700\u5173\u952e\u90e8\u5206\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08Self-Attention\uff09\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u6b63\u5982 Transformer \u7684\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6807\u9898\u662f\u201cAttention Is All You Need\u201d\uff01\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bb2\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u8868\u793a\u65f6\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u5730\u5ffd\u7565\u5176\u5b83\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u5355\u8bcd\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u5e38\u7406\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5ea6\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\uff0c\u4ece\u8bed\u6cd5\u89d2\u5ea6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e3b\u8c13\u5bbe\u8bed\u6bd4\u5176\u5b83\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\uff0cself-attention\u673a\u5236\u5c31\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5b66\u4e60\u53e5\u5b50\u6210\u5206\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u8ba1\u7b97\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4e3a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\uff08\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\uff09\u521b\u5efa\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b0\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\uff08Queries\uff09\u3001\u952e\u5411\u91cf\uff08Keys\uff09\u548c\u503c\u5411\u91cf\uff08Values\uff09\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0 $\\boldsymbol{q}, \\boldsymbol{k}, \\boldsymbol{v}$ \u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5411\u91cf\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0e\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635 \uff08 $\\boldsymbol{W}^{\\mathrm{Q}}, ~ \\boldsymbol{W}^{\\mathrm{K}}, ~ \\boldsymbol{W}^{\\mathrm{V}}$ \uff09\u76f8\u4e58\u800c\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u521b\u5efa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u5b9e\u73b0\u65f6\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5373\u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u4e3a token \u672c\u8eab\uff08\u5047\u8bbe 64 \u7ef4\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u6620\u5c04\u540e\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f 192 \u7ef4\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u7b2c 0\uff0d63 \u7ef4\u4f5c\u4e3a $\\boldsymbol{q}$ \u5411\u91cf\uff0c64\uff0d127 \u7ef4\u4f5c\u4e3a $\\boldsymbol{k}$ \u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u800c 128\uff0d192 \u7ef4\u4f5c\u4e3a $\\boldsymbol{v}$ \u5411\u91cf\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b0\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e00\u822c\u5c0f\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u3002<\/strong>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u539f\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u65b0\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u662f 64 \u7ef4\uff0c\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u7684 512 \u7ef4\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u8282\u7701\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f00\u9500\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u662f\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u601d\u8003\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u800c\u62bd\u8c61\u51fa\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u671f\u671b\u3002<\/strong>\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b0\u5411\u91cf\u5728\u521a\u521b\u5efa\u65f6\u662f\u968f\u673a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u7684\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u662f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u5206\u522b\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u56de\u590d\u3001\u5b58\u503c\u7b49\u5411\u91cf\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b83\u4eec\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e92\u52a8\u6765\u5efa\u6a21\u8bcd\u4e0e\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u5728\u8bfb\u8005\u9605\u8bfb\u5b8c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u660e\u767d\u5b83\u4eec\u540d\u5b57\u7684\u7531\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u8ba1\u7b97\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5206\u6570\uff08score\uff09\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6b63\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u201cThinking\u201d\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5206\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u6570\u5c31\u51b3\u5b9a\u7740\u201cThinking\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u67d0\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u8bcd\u7684\u5173\u8054\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u201cThinking\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8981\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u6240\u6709\u8bcd\u90fd\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u5206\u6570\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6b63\u5728\u8bc4\u5206\u7684\u76f8\u5e94\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u70b9\u79ef\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u70b9\u79ef\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      $a \\times b=|a| \\times|b| \\times \\cos \\theta$ \u3002\u5176\u610f\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5206\u6570\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5982\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u548c\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\u662f\u5c06\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5206\u6570\u9664\u4ee5 8 \uff08 8 \u662f\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u7ef4\u5ea6\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\uff0c\u5373 $\\sqrt{64}=8)$ \u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u66f4\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 Softmax \u51fd\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u51fa\u6700\u540e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002 Softmax \u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5206\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u4e3a\u6b63\u4e14\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u4e3a 1 \uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      Softmax\u6620\u5c04\u540e\u7684\u5206\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5f53\u8bcd\u8bed\u5904\u4e8e\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u65f6\uff0c\u5176Softmax\u5206\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cq\uff0ck\uff0cv\u5411\u91cf\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u7ecf\u8fc7\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6620\u5c04\u5f97\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 $q_1, k_1$ \u7684\u70b9\u79ef\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u5927\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8bcd\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u662f\u6700\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e94\u8be5\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u4e00\u822c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0e\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u5927\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u8bcd\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u522b\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u505a\u70b9\u79ef\u65f6\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u8bcd\u4e0e\u522b\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u201c\u81ea\u201d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\uff1aq\uff0ck\uff0cv\u5411\u91cf\u90fd\u662f\u6765\u6e90\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u8bcd\u672c\u8eab\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u201d\u901a\u8fc7\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6620\u5c04\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65\u662f\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u4e58\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684Softmax\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u505a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u91cd\u8981\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u914d\u3002\u6700\u540e\u662f\u52a0\u6743\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u6c42\u548c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5728\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ea7\u751f\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u5c42\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bcd\u201cThinking\u201d\u7ecf\u8fc7\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3aoutput = 0.88x$v_1$ +0.12x$v_2$\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7ecf\u8fc7\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u8bcd\u201cThinking\u201d\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5305\u542b\u4e8688%\u7684\u81ea\u8eab\u542b\u4e49\u548c12%\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u8bcd\"Machines\"\u7684\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5904\u7406\u5c31\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u8bcd\u4e5f\u8981\u505a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\u5230\u6b64\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e q\uff0ck\uff0cv \u7684\u542b\u4e49\u548c\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u4e0a\u6587\u4e5f\u6709\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c97\u7565\u7684\u7c7b\u6bd4\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u60f3\u8c61\u4e3a\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u67dc\u4e2d\u641c\u7d22\u3002\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u5c31\u50cf\u4e00\u5f20\u4fbf\u7b7e\u7eb8\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u5199\u7740\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u5c31\u50cf\u67dc\u5b50\u5185\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5f53\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0e\u4fbf\u7b7e\u5339\u914d\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d6\u51fa\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u662f\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u4e0d\u53ea\u8981\u67e5\u627e\u4e00\u4e2a\u503c\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u4ece\u591a\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u5982\u56fe<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u6253\u5305\u6210\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u4ee5\u77e9\u9635\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u5feb\u5730\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u8ba1\u7b97\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u5176\u516c\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      $$
      \\operatorname{Attention}(\\boldsymbol{Q}, \\boldsymbol{K}, \\boldsymbol{V})=\\operatorname{Softmax}\\left(\\frac{\\boldsymbol{Q} \\boldsymbol{K}^{\\mathrm{T}}}{\\sqrt{d_k}}\\right) \\boldsymbol{V}
      $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c $\\boldsymbol{Q}, ~ \\boldsymbol{K}$ \u548c $\\boldsymbol{V}$ \u662f\u8f93\u5165\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4ee3\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u952e\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u503c\u77e9\u9635\uff0c$d_k$ \u662f\u5411\u91cf\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u516c\u5f0f \uff086\uff0d1\uff09\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9 $\\boldsymbol{Q}$ \u548c $\\boldsymbol{K}$ \u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u6743\uff0c\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u7684 $\\boldsymbol{V}$ \u7684\u52a0\u6743\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u516c\u5f0f\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a
      \uff081\uff09\u8ba1\u7b97 $\\boldsymbol{Q}$ \u548c $\\boldsymbol{K}$ \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373 $\\boldsymbol{Q} \\boldsymbol{K}^{\\mathrm{T}}$ \u3002
      \uff082\uff09\u7531\u4e8e $\\boldsymbol{Q}$ \u548c $\\boldsymbol{K}$ \u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u9664\u4ee5 $\\sqrt{d_k}$ \u6765\u7f29\u653e\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u5728 Softmax \u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u68af\u5ea6\u6d88\u5931\u6216\u68af\u5ea6\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002
      \uff083\uff09\u5bf9\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u77e9\u9635\u8fdb\u884c Softmax \u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u6240\u6709\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u91cd\u4e0e\u503c\u77e9\u9635 $\\boldsymbol{V}$ \u76f8\u4e58\u5e76\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u77e9\u9635\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u6700\u540e\uff0c \u8be5\u8bba\u6587\u901a\u8fc7\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u79cd\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u201d\uff08Multi-heads self-attention\uff09\u7684\u673a\u5236\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7ec6\u5316\u4e86\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42<\/strong>\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u3001\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u503c\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u628a\u4e00\u7ec4 q\uff0ck\uff0cv \u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5934\uff0cTransformer\u539f\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u516b\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u3002\u6bcf\u7ec4\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u90fd\u662f\u53ef\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8bad\u7ec3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6269\u5c55\u6a21\u578b\u5173\u6ce8\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4e3e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff1a\u628a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u7c7b\u6bd4\u6210\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u540c\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u5934\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u601d\u8003\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e5f\u7ed9\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u516b\u4e2a\u5934\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u540e\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230
      8
      \u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u8fd9\u516b\u4e2a\u8f93\u51fa\u538b\u7f29\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u4e58\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\u5373\u53ef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      1.2 Transformer \u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u6bcf\u4e2a\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u5468\u56f4\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u524d\u9988\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Feed Forward Network\uff0cFFN\uff09\u8fdb\u884c\u6620\u5c04\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002\u524d\u9988\u7f51\u7edc\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u51e0\u5c42\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u95f4\u91c7\u7528ReLU\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4e24\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u91c7\u7528\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u68af\u5ea6\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u5feb\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u6536\u655b\u3002\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u7528\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u6570\u503c\u4f20\u9012\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u81f3\u4e8eTransformer\u4e2d\u7684FNN\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aMLP\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e4b\u540e\u5bf9\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5355\u72ec\u5e94\u7528\u3002FNN \u8d77\u5230\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \uff081\uff09\u5f15\u5165\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\uff1a\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f15\u5165FNN\u5c42\uff0cTransformer\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u6355\u6349\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \uff082\uff09\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u6574\u5408\uff1aFNN\u5c42\u662f\u4e00\u4e2aMLP\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u72ec\u7acb\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u5e76\u6574\u5408\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5c40\u90e8\u7279\u5f81\u6574\u5408\u4e0e\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u5f62\u6210\u4e92\u8865\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u662f\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800cFNN\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u672c\u8eab\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      FNN\u5c42\u7531\u4e24\u4e2a\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u5c42\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u5982 ReLU \u6216 GELU\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf $\\boldsymbol{x} \\in \\mathbb{R}^d$ \uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 FNN \u5c42\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      $$
      \\operatorname{FNN}(\\boldsymbol{x})=\\boldsymbol{W}_2 \\cdot \\operatorname{ReLU}\\left(\\boldsymbol{W}_1 \\cdot \\boldsymbol{x}+b_1\\right)+b_2
      $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u5176\u4e2d $\\boldsymbol{W}_1, b_1, \\boldsymbol{W}_2$ \u548c $b_2$ \u662f\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\u548c\u504f\u7f6e\u5411\u91cf\uff0cReLU \u662f\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4ee5\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a0\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u5806\u53e0N\u6b21\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7f16\u7801\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u6709\u673a\u4f1a\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u9ad8Transformer\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u672c\u4fe1\u606f\u9001\u8fdb\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Transformer\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5168\u5c40\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u65f6\u5e76\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5355\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9Transformer \u80fd\u591f\u6355\u6349\u5230\u8fd9\u79cd\u987a\u5e8f\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u793a\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u9010\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u7559\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\uff08\u5982\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b63\u5f26\u548c\u4f59\u5f26\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7f16\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u53ef\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u8bad\u7ec3\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u7684Transformer \u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b63\u5f26\u548c\u4f59\u5f26\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u56fa\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7f6epos\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u7ef4\u5ea6 i\uff0c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u901a\u8fc7\u4e0a\u8ff0\u516c\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u8be5\u5411\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8bed\u5411\u91cf\u4e0e\u5bf9\u5e94\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u5411\u91cf\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u5305\u542b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837 Transformer \u6a21\u578b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u5904\u7406\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u662f\u53ef\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u6a21\u578b\u521a\u5f00\u59cb\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u968f\u673a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u671f\u671b\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u81ea\u5df1\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u8bcd\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u76f8\u5173\u6027\u3002\u5c31\u50cf\u671f\u671b\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u8ba9\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u6620\u5c04\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4e09\u4e2a\u65b0\u5411\u91cf q\uff0c k\uff0c v \u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u522b\u6267\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u56de\u590d\u3001\u5b58\u503c\u7b49\u5411\u91cf\u529f\u80fd\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      1.3 Transformer \u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      \u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u662f\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5177\u6709\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5b50\u5c42\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u5c42\u3001\u4e00\u4e2a\u524d\u9988\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u6b8b\u5dee\u8fde\u63a5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b50\u5c42\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5c42\u5f52\u4e00\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b50\u5c42\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u5c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u518d\u505a\u91cd\u590d\u8d58\u8ff0\u3002\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u9876\u5c42\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u5f53\u5206\u7c7b\u5668\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5c42\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u5355\u8bcd\u6982\u7387\u7684Softmax \u6240\u8986\u76d6\u3002\u7f16\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5224\u522b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u7f16\u7801\u5668-\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\u7ecf\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e9b\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u4ee5\u201c\u6211\u662f\u5b66\u751f\u201d\u2192 \u201ci am a student\u201d \u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

      \n
      \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

      \u5728\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u5305\u62ec\u5f53\u524d\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf q \uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5f53\u524d\u6b63\u5728\u5c1d\u8bd5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u51c6\u786e\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u952e\u5411\u91cf k \u548c\u503c\u5411\u91cf v \uff0c\u8fd9\u4e3a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4e30\u5bcc\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 self-attention\u516c\u5f0f\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf q \u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf k \u548c\u503c\u5411\u91cf v \u7ed3\u5408\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5728\u751f\u6210\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u7ed9\u4e88\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u7684\u54ea\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u4f7f\u5f97\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u751f\u6210\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u4e0d\u4ec5\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u4e4b\u524d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6574\u4e2a\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u4e0e\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u548c\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4e0e\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u524d\u9988\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u589e\u5f3a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u906e\u63a9\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002Transformer \u4e2d\u7684\u63a9\u7801\uff08masking\uff09\u673a\u5236\u7528\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u63a9\u7801\u673a\u5236\u5728\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u586b\u5145\u63a9\u7801\uff08padding mask\uff09\u548c\u5e8f\u5217\u63a9\u7801\uff08sequence mask\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u67e5\u627e\u63a9\u7801\u6216\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u63a9\u7801\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • \u586b\u5145\u63a9\u7801<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        \u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u8f93\u5165\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8f83\u77ed\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u8fdb\u884c\u586b\u5145\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u4e0e\u6700\u957f\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u586b\u5145\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u5982<pad>\uff09\u8868\u793a\u3002\u586b\u5145\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5ffd\u7565\u8fd9\u4e9b\u586b\u5145\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u586b\u5145\u7b26\u53f7\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u643a\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u4eec\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u5b83\u5355\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u586b\u5145\u63a9\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u586b\u5145\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529blogits\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u8d1f\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u5e94\u7528 Softmax \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u586b\u5145\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u4f1a\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • \u5e8f\u5217\u63a9\u7801<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          \u5e8f\u5217\u63a9\u7801\u4e3b\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u4e8eTransformer \u89e3\u7801\u5668\u3002<\/strong>\u63a9\u7801\u9632\u6b62\u6a21\u578b\u8bbf\u95ee\u672a\u6765\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u53ea\u4f9d\u8d56\u5f53\u524d\u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u5e8f\u5217\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u7b49\uff09\u4e2d\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          1. \u4fdd\u6301\u6a21\u578b\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5408\u7406\u6027<\/strong>
          \u5728\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u80fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u751f\u6210\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u8bbf\u95ee\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002\u5e8f\u5217\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u901a\u5e38\u9075\u5faa\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u5f53\u524d\u8f93\u51fa\u53ea\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002
          2. \u907f\u514d\u6a21\u578b\u4f5c\u5f0a<\/strong>
          \u5982\u679c\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u6284\u88ad\u201d\u672a\u6765\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e\u5f53\u524d\u4fe1\u606f\u5408\u7406\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u771f\u6b63\u5b66\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u5408\u7406\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u679c\u4f9d\u8d56\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u7528\u7684\u3002
          3. \u786e\u4fdd\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027<\/strong>
          \u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u5728\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u3001\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u9010\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u751f\u6210\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u63a9\u7801\uff08\u5982Transformer\u4e2d\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u63a9\u7801\uff09\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5f53\u524d\u5143\u7d20\u65f6\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u672a\u6765\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002
          4. \u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u9700\u8981<\/strong>
          \u5728Transformer\u7b49\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\u9700\u8981\u63a9\u7801\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u5173\u6ce8\u672a\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u52a0\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u201c\u770b\u5230\u201d\u6574\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u63a9\u7801\u786e\u4fdd\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u4e0e\u63a8\u7406\u65f6\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5373\u53ea\u80fd\u57fa\u4e8e\u5df2\u751f\u6210\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u3002
          5. \u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u6027<\/strong>
          \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u524d\u77e5\u9053\u672a\u6765\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u8bbf\u95ee\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u5931\u6548\u3002\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u578b\u6ca1\u6709\u201c\u5077\u770b\u201d\u672a\u6765\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8bc4\u4f30\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u5931\u771f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u6211\u4eec\u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e8f\u5217\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff1a\u5047\u8bbe\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a4\uff0c\u67d0\u65f6\u523b\u6a21\u578b\u53ea\u6709\u4e24\u4e2atoken\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u89c2\u5bdf\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2atoken\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2atoken\u88ab\u5c4f\u853d\uff0c\u5176\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u5206\u6570\u4e5f\u5c06\u662f0\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

          \n
          \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

          \u5e8f\u5217\u63a9\u7801\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b logits\u77e9\u9635\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u4e09\u89d2\u77e9\u9635\uff08\u5176\u4e0a\u4e09\u89d2\u90e8\u5206\u4e3a\u8d1f\u65e0\u7a77\uff09\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u5e94\u7528
          Softmax \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\u5c06\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u96f6\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u53ea\u80fd\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u524d\u53ca\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5355\u8bcd\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u8ba1\u7b97\u63a8\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u63a9\u853d\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u6ce8\u610f\u63a9\u853d\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

          \n
          \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

          \u60f3\u8c61\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u56db\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u201crobot must obey orders\u201d\uff09\u3002\u5148\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5176\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u6570\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          \u76f8\u4e58\u4e4b\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u63a9\u853d\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u6211\u4eec\u60f3\u8981\u5c4f\u853d\u7684\u5355\u5143\u683c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u8d1f\u65e0\u7a77\u5927\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684\u8d1f\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          \u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u4e0a\u5e94\u7528 Softmax \uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u5982\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          \u6b64\u5206\u6570\u8868\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \uff081\uff09\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2atoken\uff08\u7b2c1\u884c\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u8be5token\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd\uff08\u201c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5176100%\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c06\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u8be5\u5355\u8bcd\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \uff082\uff09\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2atoken\uff08\u7b2c2\u884c\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5355\u8bcd\uff08\u201c\u673a\u5668\u4eba \u5fc5\u987b\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5f53\u6a21\u578b\u5904\u7406\u5355\u8bcd\u201c\u5fc5\u987b\u201d\u65f6\uff0c48%\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c06\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u201c\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u201d\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c52%\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c06\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u201c\u5fc5\u987b\u201d\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u603b\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a9\u7801\u673a\u5236\u5728Transformer\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u586b\u5145\u63a9\u7801\u7528\u4e8e\u5ffd\u7565\u586b\u5145\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u800c\u5e8f\u5217\u63a9\u7801\u786e\u4fdd\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u9075\u5faa\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u539f\u5219\u3002\u63a9\u7801\u7684\u5b58\u5728\u4f7f\u5f97\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\u66f4\u52a0\u7a33\u5b9a\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          1.4 Transformer \u9876\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          Transformer\u7684\u9876\u5c42\u5305\u542b\u7ebf\u6027\u5c42\uff08\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff09\u4e0eSoftmax\u5c42\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

          \n
          \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

          Softmax\u51fd\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4efb\u610f\u5b9e\u6570\u5411\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u3002\u5728Transformer\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528Softmax\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u7ebf\u6027\u9876\u5c42\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Transformer\u7684\u9876\u5c42\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u5c42\u5c06\u7279\u5f81\u5411\u91cf\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u5c0f\u4e3a\u8bcd\u8868\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528Softmax\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u3002<\/strong>\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u76ee\u6807\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9884\u6d4b\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u635f\u5931\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fTransformer\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5236\u3002Transformer\u5229\u7528\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u8bd5\u56fe\u5b9e\u73b0\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u53d7\u5230\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u5982Transformer\u7b97\u6cd5\u597d\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u7f16\u7801\u6216\u751f\u6210\u8f83\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u56e0\u4e3aTransformer\u67b6\u6784\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u65f6\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8303\u56f4\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u7684\uff0c\u5373\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u6240\u6709\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u90fd\u8981\u505a\u70b9\u79ef\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64Transformer\u53ef\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u957f\u8ddd\u79bb\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddd\u79bb\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8986\u76d6\u5f53\u524d\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6574\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          2. KV Cache\uff1aAttention\u673a\u5236\u8fdb\u9636\u7684\u6838\u5fc3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

          KV Cache \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f18\u5316\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9ad8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/strong>\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u952e\uff08K\uff09\u548c\u503c\uff08V\uff09\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u52a0\u901f\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\u5c24\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u63a8\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u540e\u7eed\u7684 MQA, GQA, MLA \u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8eKV Cache\u7684\u6539\u8fdb\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u5728\u8bb2\u89e3KV Cache\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u660e\u786e\u5176\u56db\u4e2a\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • KV Cache \u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5<\/strong>
            KV Cache \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u63a8\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u952e\uff08K\uff09\u548c\u503c\uff08V\uff09\u7684\u503c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u8fd9\u4e9b\u503c\u6765\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            • KV Cache \u53ea\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u4e2d<\/strong>
              KV Cache \u6280\u672f\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u89e3\u7801\u5668\u5728\u751f\u6210\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b21\u77e9\u9635\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u800c KV Cache \u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u5316\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                \n
              • \u52a0\u901f Q@K@V \u7684\u77e9\u9635\u76f8\u4e58<\/strong>
                KV Cache \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u52a0\u901f Q@K@V \u7684\u4e24\u6b21\u77e9\u9635\u76f8\u4e58\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58 K \u548c V \u7684\u503c\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u63a8\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
                  \n
                • KV Cache \u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528<\/strong>
                  \u5c3d\u7ba1 KV Cache \u53ef\u4ee5\u52a0\u901f\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u5360\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u4fdd\u5b58\u7f13\u5b58\u7684 K \u548c V \u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  \u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a4\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528 KV Cache \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a4\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u56db\u6b21\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97\u5bf9\u5e94\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  1\uff0e\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08\u5904\u7406 $x_1$ \uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_1=W_Q \\cdot x_1$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u8ba1\u7b97 $K_1=W_K \\cdot x_1$ \u548c $V_1=W_V \\cdot x_1$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_1$ \u4e0e\u6240\u6709 $K_j(j=1)$ \u7684\u70b9\u79ef\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                  • \u901a\u8fc7 softmax \u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u6743\u6c42\u548c\u5f97\u5230 Output ${ }_1$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    2\uff0e\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08\u5904\u7406 $x_2$ \uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      \n
                    • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_2=W_Q \\cdot x_2$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u8ba1\u7b97 $K_2=W_K \\cdot x_2$ \u548c $V_2=W_V \\cdot x_2$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_2$ \u4e0e\u6240\u6709 $K_j(j=1,2)$ \u7684\u70b9\u79ef\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                    • \u901a\u8fc7 softmax \u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u6743\u6c42\u548c\u5f97\u5230 Output ${ }_2$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      3\uff0e\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08\u5904\u7406 $x_3$ \uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        \n
                      • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_3=W_Q \\cdot x_3$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • \u8ba1\u7b97 $K_3=W_K \\cdot x_3$ \u548c $V_3=W_V \\cdot x_3$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_3$ \u4e0e\u6240\u6709 $K_j(j=1,2,3)$ \u7684\u70b9\u79ef\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                      • \u901a\u8fc7 softmax \u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u6743\u6c42\u548c\u5f97\u5230 Output ${ }_3$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                        4\uff0e\u7b2c\u56db\u6b21\u8ba1\u7b97\uff08\u5904\u7406 $x_4$ \uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \n
                        • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_4=W_Q \\cdot x_4$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • \u8ba1\u7b97 $K_4=W_K \\cdot x_4$ \u548c $V_4=W_V \\cdot x_4$<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • \u8ba1\u7b97 $Q_4$ \u4e0e\u6240\u6709 $K_j(j=1,2,3,4)$ \u7684\u70b9\u79ef\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u6570<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                        • \u901a\u8fc7 softmax \u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5e76\u52a0\u6743\u6c42\u548c\u5f97\u5230 Output ${ }_4$<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                          \u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                          \u5728\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff08autoregressive models\uff09\uff0c\u4f1a\u9010\u4e2a\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2atoken\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u6bd4\u8f83\u6162\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2atoken\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bcf\u6b21\u65b0\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u8981\u9884\u6d4b\u7b2c4\u4e2atoken\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230\u524d3\u4e2atoken\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9btoken\u7684\u8868\u793a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u77e9\u9635\u4e58\u6cd5\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5f53\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u5f88\u5927\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8981\u9884\u6d4b\u7b2c1001\u4e2atoken\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u4ec5\u9700\u8981\u524d999\u4e2atoken\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u52a0\u4e0a\u7b2c1000\u4e2atoken\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6574\u4e2aQK\u77e9\u9635\u975e\u5e38\u5de8\u5927\uff081000x1000\uff09\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4attention\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u5de8\u5927\u3002KV cache\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u4e4b\u524dK , V \u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u540e\u7eed\u7684token\u751f\u6210\u65f6\u590d\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                          \u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u5730\u8bf4\uff0cKV cache\u5728\u81ea\u56de\u5f52\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5145\u5f53\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u5e93\u7684\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u5b58\u50a8\u6765\u81ea\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5c42\uff08self-attention layers\uff09\u7684\u4e4b\u524d\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7684token\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u5728Transformer\u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\uff0cSelf Attention\u5c42\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06Queries\uff08Q\uff09\u4e0eKeys\uff08K\uff09\u76f8\u4e58\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5206\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4ea7\u751fValues\uff08V\uff09\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u52a0\u6743\u548c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u4e4b\u524dtoken\u7684K \u548cV \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cKV cache\u53ea\u5728\u591a\u4e2atoken\u751f\u6210\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\u53d1\u751f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ec5\u5728decoder\u8fdb\u884c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728decoder only\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5982GPT\uff0c\u6216\u5728encoder-decoder\u6a21\u578b\u5982T5\u7684\u89e3\u7801\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002\u50cfBERT\u8fd9\u6837\u7684encoder only\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u751f\u6210\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u6d89\u53caKV cache\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u7531\u4e8edecoder\u662fcausal\u7684\uff08\u5373\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2atoken\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529battention\u53ea\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5b83\u524d\u9762\u7684token\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u751f\u6210\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u91cd\u590d\u8ba1\u7b97\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u524d\u4e00\u4e2atoken\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u771f\u6b63\u9700\u8981\u505a\u7684\u662f\u4ec5\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b0token\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662fKV cache\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58\u4e4b\u524d\u7684K\u548cV\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u53ea\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b0token\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ea\u5b58\u50a8K\u548cV\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u5b58\u50a8Q\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \n
                          • \u7531\u4e8eQ\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u751f\u6210\u65b0token\u65f6\u90fd\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97Q\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7f13\u5b58\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                          • \u800cK\u548cV\u53ef\u4ee5\u590d\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7f13\u5b58K\u548cV\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u5b83\u4eec\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                            KV Cache\u7684\u5360\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u4f1a\u968f\u7740QA\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            KV Cache\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5904\u7406\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u751f\u6210\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u751f\u6210\u540e\u7eed\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u8bbf\u95ee\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65f6\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u95ee\u7b54\uff08QA\uff09\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0KV Cache\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u7559\u4e4b\u524d\u95ee\u7b54\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u4fe1\u606f\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u8fde\u8d2f\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5360\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5728\u5904\u7406\u957f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6216\u5927\u91cf\u95ee\u7b54\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u5b58\u9700\u6c42\u663e\u8457\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6548\u7387\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

                            \n
                            \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

                            \u7531\u4e8e\u5185\u5b58\u9650\u5236\uff0cLLM\u7684\u56de\u590d\u80fd\u529b\u786e\u5b9e\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u95ee\u7b54\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\u9010\u6e10\u53d8\u5dee\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u5907\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u201c\u9057\u5fd8\u6027\u201d<\/strong>\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u786c\u4ef6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0cKV Cache\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u662f\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u7f13\u5b58\u8fbe\u5230\u5176\u5bb9\u91cf\u4e0a\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u65e7\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u65b0\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8986\u76d6\u6216\u4e22\u5f03\u3002\u5176\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u968f\u7740\u95ee\u7b54\u7684\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3aKV Cache\u7684\u5bb9\u91cf\u9650\u5236\u800c\u88ab\u79fb\u9664\u6216\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6a21\u578b\u9010\u6e10\u201c\u9057\u5fd8\u201d\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6a21\u578b\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5176\u751f\u6210\u7684\u56de\u590d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\u51c6\u786e\u6216\u8fde\u8d2f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u9700\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u65e9\u671f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5728\u957f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u6216\u591a\u8f6e\u95ee\u7b54\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5229\u7528\u6574\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5386\u53f2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            \u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0cKV Cache\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u6362\u53d6\u63a8\u7406\u901f\u5ea6\u7684\u6280\u5de7\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                            3. MQA: Multi-Query Attention<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                            \u591a\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236<\/strong> (MQA) \u662f Transformer \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236(MHA)\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u5728\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u3001\u952e\u548c\u503c\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u6570\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002MQA \u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u7ec4\u952e\u548c\u503c<\/strong>\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

                            \n
                            \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

                            \u591a\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                              \n
                            1. \u5171\u4eab\u952e\u548c\u503c<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5934\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\uff09\u4e0d\u540c\uff0cMQA \u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u4f7f\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            2. \u4e0d\u540c\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1aMQA \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u4ecd\u7136\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5141\u8bb8\u5b83\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\u5173\u6ce8\u8f93\u5165\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                            3. \u6548\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4eab\u952e\u548c\u503c\uff0cMQA \u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u548c\u5185\u5b58\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                              \u591a\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u597d\u5904:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                \n
                              1. \u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4eab\u952e\u548c\u503c\uff0cMQA \u663e\u8457\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6bd4\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              2. \u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/strong>\uff1aMQA \u901a\u8fc7\u5b58\u50a8\u66f4\u5c11\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u77e9\u9635\u6765\u51cf\u5c11\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u7279\u522b\u6709\u76ca\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                              3. \u4fdd\u6301\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6548\u7387\u6709\u6240\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0cMQA \u4ecd\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u5927\u89c4\u6a21 NLP \u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                4. GQA\uff1aGroup Query Attention<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

                                \u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b<\/strong> (GQA) \u662f\u5bf9 Transformer \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u548c\u591a\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6298\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u591a\u5934\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u72ec\u7acb\u5904\u7406\u6574\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u867d\u7136\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u4f46\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u9ad8\u6602\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u957f\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u800cMQA\u867d\u7136\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u7ec4\u952e\u548c\u503c\u7b80\u5316\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u7b80\u5316\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u7684\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002GQA \u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u5206\u7ec4\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

                                \n
                                \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

                                \u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6982\u5ff5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                  \n
                                1. \u5206\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 GQA \u4e2d\uff0c\u67e5\u8be2\u6839\u636e\u5176\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6807\u51c6\u5206\u7ec4\u3002\u8fd9\u5141\u8bb8\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u4eab\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u6240\u9700\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                2. \u5171\u4eab\u952e\u548c\u503c\u8868\u793a<\/strong>\uff1aGQA \u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u67e5\u8be2\u8ba1\u7b97\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u952e\u548c\u503c\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u8ba1\u7b97\u5171\u4eab\u952e\u548c\u503c\u8868\u793a\u3002\u8fd9\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u8ba1\u7b97\u8d1f\u8f7d\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                3. \u9ad8\u6548\u8ba1\u7b97<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0cGQA \u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5904\u7406\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u5927\u91cf\u6587\u672c\u6216\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

                                  \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0cMHA\u548cMQA\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u4f5c\u662fGQA\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    \n
                                  • \u5f53\u7ec4\u6570 g \u4e0e \u5934\u6570 head \u76f8\u7b49\u65f6\uff0cGQA = MHA\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                  • \u5f53\u7ec4\u6570 g \u4e3a 1 \u65f6\uff0cGQA = MQA\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                    \u5927\u5bb6\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u5377\u79ef\u7b97\u6cd5\u6bd4\u8f83\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bdd\uff0cMHA, MQA, GQA \u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u4e0e\u5377\u79ef\uff0c\u9010\u901a\u9053\u5377\u79ef\uff0c\u7ec4\u5377\u79ef\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    5. MLA\uff1a\u00a0Multi Head Latent Attention<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
                                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                                    \u591a\u5934\u6f5c\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b (MLA) \u5c06\u6f5c\u5728\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u7eb3\u5165\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u8ba1\u7b97\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5e76\u6539\u5584\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8868\u793a\u3002MLA\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u5bf9KV\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u9001\u5165\u6807\u51c6\u7684MHA\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u77ed\u7684k\uff0cv\u5411\u91cf\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u51cf\u5c11KV Cache\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    \"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

                                    \u4e0a\u56fe\u4e2d\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08Multi-Head Attention, MHA\uff09\u4e2d\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\uff08latent vectors\uff09\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u516c\u5f0f\u7684\u9010\u6b65\u89e3\u8bfb\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    1\uff0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u4ee3\u8868 KV Cache \u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    $$
                                    \\left[c_t^{K V}\\right]=W^{D K V} \\mathbf{h}_t
                                    $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    \uff0d\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c$c_t^{K V}$ \u662f\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65 $t$ \u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u952e\u503c\u7f13\u5b58\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\u3002 $W^{D K V}$ \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5c06\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001 $\\mathbf{h}_t$ \u6620\u5c04\u5230\u952e\u503c\u7f13\u5b58\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u6620\u5c04\u5f97\u5230\u3002$c_t^{K V}$ \u76f8\u5bf9\u4e0e\u539f\u6765\u7684$\\mathbf{h}_t$ \u8981\u5c0f\u5f88\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    2\uff0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u952e\uff08Key\uff09\u548c\u503c\uff08value\uff09\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    $$
                                    \\left[k_{t, 1}^C ; k_{t, 2}^U ; \\ldots ; k_{t, n_h}^U\\right]=k_t^C=W^{U K} c_t^{K V}
                                    $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    $$
                                    \\left[v_{t, 1}^C ; v_{t, 2}^U ; \\ldots ; v_{t, n_h}^U\\right]=v_t^C=W^{U K} c_t^{K V}
                                    $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    \uff0d\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a$k_t^C$ \u662f\u952e\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06 $c_t^{K V}$ \u4e0e\u6743\u91cd\u77e9\u9635 $W^{U K}$ \u76f8\u4e58\u5f97\u5230\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u505a\u4e0a\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6f5c\u5411\u91cf\u7279\u5f81$c_t^{K V}$\u6620\u5c04\u5f97\u5230\u8f83\u5927\u7684$k_t^C$\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002$v_t^C$\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u540c\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    3\uff0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u65cb\u8f6c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\uff08RoPE\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    $$
                                    k_t^{R}=\\operatorname{RoPE}\\left(W^{K R} \\mathbf{h}_t\\right)
                                    $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    \uff0d\u89e3\u91ca\uff1aRoPE\uff08Rotary Position Embedding\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    4\uff0e\u7ec4\u5408\u6f5c\u5411\u91cfk\u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801k\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    $$
                                    k_{t, i}=\\left[k_{t, i}^C ; k_t^R\\right]
                                    $$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    \uff0d\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf $k_{t, i}$ \u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u952e\u5411\u91cf $k_{t, i}^C$ \u548c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801 $k_t^R$ \u8fde\u63a5\u8d77\u6765\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u3002
                                    5\uff0e\u8ba1\u7b97\u67e5\u8be2\uff08Query\uff09\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf<\/p>\n\n\n

                                    \n
                                    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

                                    \uff0d\u4e0eK\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u53c2\u4e0e\u540e\u7eedMHA\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cfq\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                    6\uff0e\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97
                                    \u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8f93\u51fa $u_t$ \u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2 $\\left(q_{t, i}\\right)$ \uff0c\u952e $\\left(k_{j, i}\\right)$ \u548c\u503c $\\left(v_{j, i}^C\\right)$ \u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n

                                    \n
                                    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
                                      \n
                                    • \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                    • $\\mathbf{o}_{t, i}$ \u662f\u7b2c $i$ \u4e2a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5934\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                    • Softmax \u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d $q_{t, i}^T k_{j, i}$ \u662f\u67e5\u8be2\u548c\u952e\u7684\u70b9\u79ef\uff0c$\\sqrt{d_h+d_h^R}$ \u662f\u7f29\u653e\u56e0\u5b50\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7a33\u5b9a\u68af\u5ea6\u3002
                                      \uff0d$v_{j, i}^C$ \u662f\u7b2c $j$ \u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u7684\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                      \u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u516c\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                        \n
                                      • \u76f8\u8f83\u4e0eMHA\u800c\u5df2\uff0cMLA\u662f\u518dMHA\u4e4b\u524d\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9bqkv\u7684\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd9\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u662f\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f1a\u53d8\u7684\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • \u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801\u4fe1\u606fRoPE\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u52a0\u5728$k_{t, i}^C$\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u8981\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e9b$ k_t^R$\uff1f<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                                      • \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67e5\u8be2\u5411\u91cfq\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u6f5c\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                                        \u9488\u5bf9\u95ee\u98981\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u662f\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4f7f\u5f97\u6211\u4eec\u7684KV Cache\u53d8\u5c0f\u4e86\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u77ed\u7684$c_t^{KV}$\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f$k_t^{C}$\u548c$v_t^{C}$\u3002\u7528\u767d\u8bdd\u8bf4\u5c31\u662f\u7f13\u5b58\u957f\u7684\u53d8\u6210\u7f13\u5b58\u77ed\u7684\uff0c\u7f13\u5b58\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u6210\u7f13\u5b58\u4e00\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                        \u9488\u5bf9\u95ee\u98982\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u65cb\u8f6c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801RoPE\u4e0e\u6f5c\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u6f5c\u5411\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u65cb\u8f6c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7f16\u7801RoPE\u4e24\u4e2a\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u591a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5411\u91cf$ k_t^R$\u6765\u7f16\u7801\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5c06\u6765\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u91cf\u5408\u5e76\u5c06\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u5e26\u5165\u952e\u5411\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                        \u9488\u5bf9\u95ee\u98983\uff0c\u5c06Q\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4e5f\u6539\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f4e\u79e9\u6295\u5f71\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u6f5c\u5411\u91cf\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u51cf\u5c11KV Cache\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u4e2a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u5bf9\u9f50\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u5bf9\u952e\u00a0k\u00a0\u548c\u503c\u00a0v\u00a0\u8fdb\u884c\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u67e5\u8be2\u00a0q\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u00a0q\u00a0\u548c\u00a0k\u3001v \u7684\u7279\u5f81\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5728\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u4e2d\uff0cq\u3001k\u3001v\u662f\u5e73\u7b49\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5bf9\u79f0\u6027\u548c\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                        \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u6b8b\u5dee\u7f51\u7edcResNet\u719f\u6089\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u7167\u74f6\u9888\u6b8b\u5dee\u6a21\u5757\u6765\u7406\u89e3MLA\u7684\u6f5c\u5411\u91cf\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u74f6\u9888\u6b8b\u5dee\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u8fc7\u201c\u538b\u7f29-\u63d0\u53d6-\u6269\u5c55\u201d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff081x1\u5377\u79ef\u964d\u4f4e\u901a\u9053\u6570\u30013x3\u5377\u79ef\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\u30011x1\u5377\u79ef\u6062\u590d\u901a\u9053\u6570\uff09\u5728\u51cf\u5c11\u8ba1\u7b97\u91cf\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u9ad8\u6548\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eMLA\u901a\u8fc7\u591a\u5c42\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u9010\u6b65\u751f\u6210\u6f5c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u538b\u7f29\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u540e\u7eed\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5206\u5c42\u7ed3\u6784\u9010\u6b65\u63d0\u53d6\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u7559\u539f\u59cb\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u6548\u7387\u548c\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u95f4\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5e73\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                                        <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                                        \u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08Attention Mechanism\uff09\u81ea\u8bde\u751f\u4ee5\u6765\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u63a8\u52a8\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2794,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-18","category-24"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2729"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2795,"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2729\/revisions\/2795"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2794"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.gnn.club\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}